- Measurements: The United States is moving very slowly toward adopting the metric system. In most
non-scientific settings, weights and measures are not discussed in metric terms. Many
websites offer free conversion calculations between measurement systems, such as onlineconversion.com.
- To change Centigrade (C) to Fahrenheit (F), multiply the C reading by 9/5 and add
32 to that amount. To change F to C, subtract 32 and multiply by 5/9.
- To change kilograms to pounds, multiply by 2.2 pounds.
- Holidays: Official holidays are usually recognized throughout the U.S. On those days, schools, offices, banks, post offices and many stores are closed. The list below includes official holidays.
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New Year’s Day (January 1) – Official New Year’s Eve, December 31, is more important in the U.S. than New Year’s Day itself. On New Year’s Eve many people go to parties or watch firework displays. Popular activities on New Year’s Day include watching televised parades and football games.
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Martin Luther King, Jr.’s Birthday (Third Monday in January) – Official Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. organized and led the civil rights movement in the U.S. during the 1960s. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 and was assassinated in 1968. Many people perform community service on this day to commemorate Dr. King’s contributions to social justice.
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Presidents’ Day (Third Monday in February) – Official This holiday commemorates George Washington’s birthday (February 22) and Abraham Lincoln’s birthday (February 12). George Washington was a General during the American Revolution and the first President of the U.S. Abraham Lincoln was President during the Civil War, 1861-1865. He signed the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863.
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Mother’s Day (Second Sunday in May) On this day, Americans honor their mothers by sending them flowers, buying small gifts,
sending cards, or taking them out for meals.
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Father’s Day (Third Sunday in June) Fathers are honored on this day with cards and gifts.
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Memorial Day (Last Monday in May) – Official Memorial Day is dedicated to the memory of all Americans who died in wars. Many families visit graves and decorate them with flowers, and the day is also marked with patriotic parades. This day is considered the beginning of the summer season.
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Independence Day/Fourth of July (July 4) – Official This is the U.S. National Day. It commemorates the day the Declaration of Independence
was signed in Philadelphia in 1776. This holiday is celebrated all over the country
with picnics, parades, political speeches and community get-togethers that culminate
in firework displays.
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Labor Day (First Monday in September) – Official This holiday was established in recognition of the labor movement’s contribution to the productivity of this country. This day is the last holiday of the summer season and is celebrated with picnics and other events.
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Columbus Day (Second Monday in October) – Official Columbus reached the West Indies in 1492, and is popularly referred to as the explorer who “discovered” America, although the continent was already populated by Native Americans and had been visited by earlier seafarers. Americans observe the holiday with parades and festivals. In the Northeast, the long weekend is the high point of the season for viewing the brilliantly colored fall leaves.
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Halloween (October 31) This was originally a religious holiday, the day before All Soul’s Day, but its religious character has been lost in the U.S. Traditions include carving out pumpkins, dressing in costumes, and going house to house to “trick or treat.” Traditionally, children dress in costumes, walking from house to house, and adults give the costumed children small bars of candy. If you do not wish to have children ring your doorbell, just turn off your porch light for the evening. Adults often use the occasion for costume parties.
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Veteran’s Day (November 11) – Official Originally established to commemorate Armistice Day of the First World War, the holiday
was changed after World War II to serve as an occasion to pay tribute to veterans
of all wars. It is marked by parades, speeches, and the laying of wreaths at military
cemeteries and war memorials.
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Thanksgiving Day (Fourth Thursday in November) In 1621 the pilgrims of Plymouth colony in Massachusetts prepared a feast that they
shared with Native Americans to give thanks for the bountiful harvest. It was made
an official holiday in 1863. Many Americans give thanks for the good life they enjoy
by getting together with family and friends to eat traditional food such as turkey,
cranberry sauce, sweet potatoes and pumpkin pie.
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Christmas Day (December 25) – Official Although religious in origin, commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, Christmas is
a holiday celebrated either in a secular or religious way by most of the country.
Family members travel great distances to be together for this day on which gifts are
exchanged and a traditional dinner is shared. Many houses are decorated with Christmas
trees and lights.
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